Genome visualization in space

Phylogeny is an important field to understand evolution and the organization of life. However, most methods depend highly on manual study and analysis, making the construction of phylogeny error prone. Linear Algebra methods are known to be efficient to deal with the semantic relationships between a large number of elements in spaces of high dimensionality. Therefore, they can be useful to help the construction of phylogenetic trees. The ability to visualize the relationships between genomes is crucial in this process. In this paper, a linear algebra method, followed by optimization, is used to generate a visualization of a set of complete genomes. Using the proposed method we were able to visualize the relationships of 64 complete mitochondrial genomes, organized as six different groups, and of 31 complete mitochondrial genomes of mammals, organized as nine different groups. The prespecified groups could be seen clustered together in the visualization, and similar species were represented close together. Besides, there seems to be an evolutionary influence in the organization of the graph

A Trilogia Matrix e o Ensino de Tecnologia

In a world full of dynamic and alternative forms of learning more innovation should be encouraged and applied consistently so that the student feel more interest in curriculum content. As the student observes such content not only through analogies, but also through production film, which has references and influences from different sources, we can find various information that include mainly the technological learning, not excluding mathematics, physics, philosophy and religious studies. We make it possible through a concept innovation of teaching which is described, coherently, as a knowledge transmission and not as broadcasting of values as some authors try to argue. So, with this approach is possible, not only, to make that some students identify themselves more with the theme, because they have a natural tendency for technology and another areas, but also can promote the learning of those who do not have such intimacy with these areasEm um mundo dinâmico e repleto de alternativas, as formas de aprendizado mais inovadoras devem ser incentivadas e aplicadas de forma coerente para que o discente sinta maior interesse pelos conteúdos curriculares. À medida que o aluno observa tais conteúdos, não apenas através de analogias, mas também por meio de uma produção cinematográfica, a qual possui referências e influências das mais diversas, podemos encontrar várias informações que contemplam um auxílio, principalmente, ao aprendizado tecnológico, percorrendo estudos matemáticos, físicos, filosóficos e religiosos. Isto também se dá através de uma inovação conceitual, de nossa parte, que diz respeito ao ensino ser classificado coerentemente como uma transmissão de conhecimentos e não de valores como alguns autores tentam estabelecer. Sendo assim, nesta abordagem torna-se possível não apenas fazer com que determinados alunos identifiquem-se mais com o tema, pois já têm uma tendência natural pela tecnologia e as linhas dos filmes, mas também se pode promover o aprendizado daqueles que não são íntimos dos assuntos

SiO2·p-TSA: a green catalyst for solvent-free tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and thiols

A solvent-free procedure for tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and thiols based on a simple grinding of the reagents in the presence of silica gel and catalytic amounts of p-TSA is described

Dielectrophoretic manipulation of individual nickel nanowires for electrical transport measurements

FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORNanowires (NW) have received much attention due to their high aspect ratio, shape anisotropy, relatively large surface area and particular electron transport properties. In addition, since NW present low current levels and high sensitivity, they can be used as sensor devices for several applications. One of the major challenges when dealing with transport measurements in NW is to trap them between electrodes, which allow electrical characterization and therefore fabrication of nanowire-based devices. Electrically neutral NW can be deposited by dielectrophoresis (DEP) method, which requires the application of an alternating electric field between electrodes. In this work, properly dispersed Ni nanowires (NiNW) (length = 4+/-1 mu m, diameter = 35+/-5 nm) were deposited on top of Pt electrodes using the DEP method. The effects of electrodes geometry and electric field frequency on DEP efficiency were evaluated. For optimized DEP parameters, the process efficiency is up to 85%. The deposited NiNW exhibit a Schottky-like current versus voltage behavior due to the high contact resistance between NiNW and electrode. Its reduction down to two orders of magnitude, reaching value less than the NiNW resistance (similar to 6k Omega), was achieved by depositing a 10 nm-thick Pt layer over the NW extremities. Therefore, this method presents a selection of adequate electrical DEP parameters and electrode geometry, making it a suitable process of NW deposition and electrical characterization. This can be used for investigation of electrical transport properties of individual NW and fabrication of NW-based devices, like sensors and field effect transistors. (C) 2015 American Vacuum Society.Nanowires (NW) have received much attention due to their high aspect ratio, shape anisotropy, relatively large surface area and particular electron transport properties. In addition, since NW present low current levels and high sensitivity, they can be used as sensor devices for several applications. One of the major challenges when dealing with transport measurements in NW is to trap them between electrodes, which allow electrical characterization and therefore fabrication of nanowire-based devices. Electrically neutral NW can be deposited by dielectrophoresis (DEP) method, which requires the application of an alternating electric field between electrodes. In this work, properly dispersed Ni nanowires (NiNW) (length = 4+/-1 mu m, diameter = 35+/-5 nm) were deposited on top of Pt electrodes using the DEP method. The effects of electrodes geometry and electric field frequency on DEP efficiency were evaluated. For optimized DEP parameters, the process efficiency is up to 85%. The deposited NiNW exhibit a Schottky-like current versus voltage behavior due to the high contact resistance between NiNW and electrode. Its reduction down to two orders of magnitude, reaching value less than the NiNW resistance (similar to 6k Omega), was achieved by depositing a 10 nm-thick Pt layer over the NW extremities. Therefore, this method presents a selection of adequate electrical DEP parameters and electrode geometry, making it a suitable process of NW deposition and electrical characterization. This can be used for investigation of electrical transport properties of individual NW and fabrication of NW-based devices, like sensors and field effect transistors.33318FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORSem informaçãoSem informaçãoSem informaçãoThe authors would like to thank CCS/UNICAMP and LMBT/IFGW/UNICAMP staff for device processing and characterization. The work was supported by the Brazilian funding agencies Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES).Reference

Aquecimento ôhmico: novos desafios no tratamento térmico de materiais

[Excerto] Introdução: O tratamento térmico de materiais encontra-se dentre os processos mais utilizados industrialmente. Na indústria de alimentos, por exemplo, o tratamento térmico (por possuir ação letal sobre microorganismos) é o principal procedimento físico de que a tecnologia de alimentos dispõe para aumentar a vida útil dos alimentos (Ordóñez et al., 2005). Desta forma, novos métodos de aquecimento que acarretem em baixo gasto energético ou em maior eficiência energética continuam a atrair interesse Palaniappan e Sastry, 1992). Dentre as tecnologias de aquecimento emergentes, o aquecimento ôhmico apresenta-se bastante promissor. [...]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

PESQUISA NA WEB: ANÁLISE DOS CAMINHOS INVESTIGATIVOS COM MÚLTIPLOS TEXTOS

Com o advento da tecnologia, a sociedade que se configura exige do sujeito letrado conhecimentos mais complexos para enfrentar novas situações, em diversos campos da atuação humana. No âmbito escolar, apesar de contarem com diversos aparatos tecnológicos, o que se tem visto é uma educação com base na transferência de informações, suscitando um trabalho ainda nos moldes tradicionais. Por esse motivo, é viável dizer que o ensino com as tecnologias deve ser ressignificado. Nesse sentido, é crucial que o professor se aproprie de saberes que possibilitem a (re)estruturação em sua prática pedagógica. Sendo assim, pretende-se aqui apresentar um trabalho investigativo, decorrente de pesquisas na Web, envolvendo múltiplos textos, com alunos da EJA, além de análises dos caminhos percorridos pelos aprendizes, ao longo do processo. Intenta-se argumentar sobre a importância da mediação do professor e de um trabalho de ensino sistematizado, em contraposição a um trabalho espontâneo e livre